GENETIC DIVERSITY OF ADENIUM OBESUM: MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES

Document Type : Original Research Article

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University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Science, Brazil

Abstract

Thirty-five genotypes of A. obesum belonging to three full-sib progenies were characterized using morphological and molecular markers. With respect to corolla pigmentation, a predominance of red and magenta colors was observed, and 46% of the hybrids presented double petal arrangement. In the first filial generations (F1), no genotypes with absence of corolla pigmentation (white) and purple corolla pigmentation were observed. Of the 35 genotypes evaluated, three main color groups were observed and 33.33% showed petal arrangement with five petals (single), 53.33% showed double petal arrangement (10 petals), and 13.34% showed 15 petals (triple petal arrangement). The simultaneous analyses for the qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics indicated the existence of high genetic variability. ISSR molecular markers detected a high level of polymorphism (97%) and the highest proportion of variation was found within progenies (82.14%). The genotypes from the cross between ICA-bd x ICA-rs presented the highest mean values for the quantitative, vegetative, and floral traits evaluated. The morphological traits with great ornamental interest were the total number of flowers, number of annual blooms, number of days from anthesis to senescence of flowers and caudex diameter. Nine genotypes were selected for the next stage of the breeding program: ICA-br 2, 6, 8, 9 and 15; ICA-vr 4 and 9, and ICA-vb 8 and 2. This study demonstrated the importance of the combined use of morphological and molecular markers to obtain estimates of genetic diversity in A. obesum.

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